Subjective tests for difficult cases: a practical treatise for optometrists

Historical Significance: The first edition of this book was published in 1904. Lockwood published 8 books each on an aspect of optometry - the human eye, frames and lenses, transpositions, subjective tests and retinoscopy. This book is an example of the kind of help optometrist tutors provided to aspiring optometrists in the early 20thC. Robert Minchum Lockwood (1857-1920), was born in New York City and soon showed gifts for mathematics and languages but his education was limited by family circumstances. He followed his father in electrical manufacturing and later worked with telephone companies including the Bell Telephone Company. In 1900 he became business manager of the Jenner Medical College in Chicago, where he also taught physics and medical Latin where he was informally encouraged to study optometry. He then taught mathematics and optics at the Illinois College of Ophthalmology and Otology, where he concurrently studied optometry. He moved to New York where he practised optometry and also began his career as an optometry medical writer, writing several books and writing for optometry and optical journals. He also taught at the New York Institute of Optometry. See Ryer E LeR. Robert Minturn Lockwood. Amer J Optom 1929; 6(3), 145-148, See his books Cat nos. 288, 1022, 1840, 3260.